Cannabis products modified by removing volatile organic compounds and adding volatile unsaturated hydrocarbons

ABSTRACT

Purified and modified  Cannabis  products and methods for producing the same. The purified  Cannabis  product comprises substantially no volatile organic compounds while retaining Total Potential cannabinoid content. The modified  Cannabis  product comprises a purified  Cannabis  product modified by at least one added volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon. The modified  Cannabis  product is formed by extracting a volatile organic compound from a  Cannabis  raw material to form a purified  Cannabis  product, and then adding the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon to the purified  Cannabis  product to form the modified  Cannabis  product and cause an enhanced user experience during combustion and inhalation of the modified  Cannabis  product.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 16/255,157,filed Jan. 23, 2019, which claims priority to Provisional ApplicationNo. 62/620,726, filed Jan. 23, 2018, and Provisional Application No.62/633,478, filed Feb. 21, 2018. The contents of the prior applicationsare hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This application relates to methods for purifying and modifying aCannabis product by first removing volatile organic compounds and thenadding volatile unsaturated hydrocarbons to produce a modified Cannabisproduct for recreational and medicinal use.

BACKGROUND

Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants in the family of Cannabaceae andincludes at least three known species: Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indicaand Cannabis ruderalis. Marijuana and Hemp are forms of Cannabis.Marijuana includes all varieties of the Cannabis genus that containsubstantial amounts of THC and is conventionally used for recreationalor medicinal purposes. Hemp includes all varieties of the Cannabis genusthat contain negligible amounts of THC and generally refers to theindustrial, non-drug variant of Cannabis that is cultivated for itsflower leaf material, fiber, hurd, and seeds. Hemp flower is used in theproduction of CBD oils, ointments and extracts used in various dietarysupplements as well as the production of Hemp cigarettes that containCBD compounds. The Hemp seed is mainly used in dietary products and canalso be pressed and made into oil that can be used as salad dressing,paint, ink, and as a core ingredient in many body care products. TheHemp stalk and its fiber have more than 25,000 industrial uses,including mainly clothing, construction materials, paper, apparel, bags,rope, netting, canvas, and carpet. Hemp hurds can be used in cement,insulation, paper, animal bedding, biodegradable garden mulch, andplastics.

Through selective breeding or genetic modification, several varieties orstrains of Cannabis have been produced, all of which are consideredCannabis. Cannabis is used as a drug or medicine for medicinal andrecreation uses. It is consumed through smoking (combustion andinhalation) Cannabis plant material, plant extracts or purified ormodified compounds, or through ingestion of the plant material, plantextracts or purified or modified compounds. The most commonly recognizedbiologically active components of Cannabis includeΔ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). At least 483 knowncompounds are found in Cannabis including at least 113 othercannabinoids which may have a yet unidentified medicinal benefit.

Cannabis can be used by smoking the dried plant material, by smoking ofextracts of the plant material, or by orally consuming with food, or byconsuming as an extract. To date, thirty-three States, the District ofColumbia, Guam and Puerto Rico have passed laws allowing Cannabis to beused for a variety of medical conditions. Ten states and the District ofColumbia have adopted laws legalizing Cannabis for recreational use. Thenon-medical use of Cannabis has been decriminalized in thirteen Statesand the U.S. Virgin Islands. In addition, Canada has legalized bothmedicinal and recreational Cannabis in all provinces as of Oct. 17,2018, and Canada legalized the growing and use of Hemp for any and allcommercial purposes as of May of 1998.

As of Dec. 20, 2018, with the enactment of the 2018 Farm Bill, Hemp,which is defined in the Bill as the plant Cannabis sativa L. and anypart of that plant, including the seeds thereof and all derivatives,extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and salts of isomers,whether growing or not, with a THC concentration of not more than 0.3percent on a dry weight basis, has become legal in all fifty states andis no longer considered a controlled substance subject to regulation bythe United States Drug Enforcement Agency.

Cannabis has a distinct strong and pungent odor, primarily as a resultof several volatile small molecules known as terpenes and collectivelydescribed as essential oils. Terpenes are ubiquitous throughout theplant world and are produced by a myriad of plant species. Terpenes arecommonly found in fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices, and otherbotanicals. They are also common ingredients in the human diet and havegenerally been recognized as safe to consume by the United States Foodand Drug Administration. The general class of molecules that encompassterpenes can be further broken down into mono-terpenes, diterpenes andsesquiterpenes, sesterterpenes, triterpenes, sesquarterpenes,tetraterpenes, polyterpenes, and norisoprenoids, contingent on thenumber of repeating units of a five-carbon molecule referred to asisoprene which is the structural hallmark of all terpenoid compounds.The term terpenoid is used to describe a derivative of a terpene.Terpenes are among the volatile unsaturated hydrocarbons found in theessential oils of many types of plants and flowers. Essential oils areused widely as fragrances in perfumery and in medicine and alternativemedicines such as aromatherapy. Synthetic variations and derivatives ofnatural terpenes (terpenoids) greatly expand the possible numbers ofpotential terpenoids which could be used to modify the flavor and aromaof Cannabis.

Although terpenes may possess some medical benefits, the flavor andsmell that results from the presence of these terpenes may be foundundesirable by many users of Cannabis. Moreover, the strong and pungentodor can linger for hours in the environment, as well as in the clothingof the individuals present during smoking. Because the odor is distinctand easily recognizable as that of Cannabis, it is difficult to smokeCannabis with discretion, which presents a limitation on their use.Since Cannabis-based products may be used for medicinal purposes, theremoval of this strong and pungent odor is especially desirable.

Some processes for the extraction of Cannabis compounds are known. Whileconventional compound extraction processes are generally known, theseprocesses remain inefficient and cost-ineffective due to the number ofvariables. None of the conventional processes contemplate selectivelyextracting a volatile organic compound, such as a terpene (natural orsynthetic), from a Cannabis raw plant material to form a purifiedCannabis product, where the purified Cannabis product retains thedesired naturally occurring Total Potential cannabinoid content (i.e.,an amount of naturally occurring cannabinoid plus any decarboxylatedcannabinoid acids) in the Cannabis raw material after the extraction.

Additionally, the resulting products tend to exhibit reduced efficacyand/or substandard odor and flavor due to the “wholesale” removal ofdesired ingredients along with the compound targeted for removal. Inthis regard, it is not conventionally known to selectively extractterpenes while retaining substantially all of the Total Potentialcannabinoid content, or to further modify a previously-modified Cannabisproduct, where the previously-modified or purified Cannabis product issubstantially free of a target compound or compounds that detracts froma desired user experience. Further, current methods to isolate thepotential cannabinoids, commonly called “extractions” result in thesignificant loss of the terpenes and the plant structure.

Accordingly, there is a need for a comprehensive and cohesive approachto process Cannabis to provide a low, or no, odor and/or reduced ormodified flavor form of Cannabis, with minimal loss of plant structure.In this regard, if the volatile organic compounds such as essentialoils, including terpenes (natural or synthetic) were to be removedwithout affecting the Total Potential cannabinoid content, the Cannabiscould be used without leaving a strong and obvious odor on the user orsubjecting the user to what may be deemed to be an unpleasant taste.These and other advantages are exhibited by the following disclosedembodiments.

SUMMARY

Disclosed embodiments provide purified and modified Cannabis productswithout the above-described drawbacks in order to create a moredesirable experience for the user in terms of the odor and flavor of theinhaled product, while at the same time preserving the naturallyoccurring Total Potential cannabinoid content thereof and leaving boththe purified and the modified Cannabis raw plant material undamaged andstill in a condition that it can be smoked in the same manner as beforeit was modified.

To this end, the disclosed embodiments are directed to novel Cannabisproducts that do not produce the characteristic odor and flavortypically associated with the smoking (combustion and subsequentinhalation) of unmodified Cannabis plant material and methods ofremoving or significantly reducing the volatile organic molecules fromCannabis raw plant material (“primary modification”). Further, new andnovel Cannabis products are then provided that have new and unique odorsand flavors that exist as modified Cannabis products by methods offurther modifying the primarily modified Cannabis products by addingvolatile unsaturated hydrocarbons, either naturally occurring orsynthetically produced, including, but not limited to, essential oils,flavorings or terpenes (natural or synthetic) (“secondarymodification”).

In a first embodiment, there is provided a purified Cannabis product.The purified Cannabis product comprises cannabinoids, and substantiallyno volatile organic compounds. The purified Cannabis product is formedby selectively extracting the volatile organic compounds from a Cannabisraw plant material to form the purified Cannabis product. Substantiallyall of a naturally occurring potential cannabinoid content in the rawplant material is retained in the purified Cannabis product after theextraction, and substantially all of a naturally occurring physicalstructure of the Cannabis product is retained in the purified Cannabisproduct after the extraction so that the purified Cannabis product canbe combusted and inhaled in a manner similar to a naturally occurringCannabis product under similar conditions.

In another embodiment, there is provided a modified Cannabis product.The modified Cannabis product comprises cannabinoids, and at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon. The modified Cannabis product isformed by extracting volatile organic compounds from a Cannabis rawplant material to form a purified Cannabis product, and then adding theat least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon to the purified Cannabisproduct to form the modified Cannabis product and cause an enhanced userexperience during combustion and inhalation of the modified Cannabisproduct.

In another embodiment, there is provided a method for producing apurified Cannabis product. The method comprises selectively extractingvolatile organic compounds from a Cannabis raw plant material to form apurified Cannabis product. The purified Cannabis product retainssubstantially all of a naturally occurring potential cannabinoid contentin the raw plant material after the extraction.

In another embodiment, there is provided a method for producing amodified Cannabis product. The method comprises adding at least onevolatile organic compound to a purified Cannabis product to form themodified Cannabis product. The purified Cannabis product issubstantially free of terpene content.

In another embodiment, there is provided a method for producing amodified Cannabis product. The method comprises extracting a firstvolatile organic compound from a Cannabis raw plant material to form apurified Cannabis product, and then adding at least one second volatileorganic compound to the purified Cannabis product to form the modifiedCannabis product. The second volatile organic compound is different thanthe first volatile organic compound.

In another embodiment, there is provided a purified Cannabis productcomprising cannabinoids and substantially no terpenes. The product isformed by selectively extracting volatile organic compounds from aCannabis raw plant material to form the purified Cannabis product.Substantially all of a naturally occurring potential cannabinoid contentin the raw plant material is retained in the purified Cannabis productafter the extraction.

In another embodiment, there is provided a modified Cannabis productcomprising cannabinoids and at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon. The product is formed by extracting a volatile organiccompound from a Cannabis raw plant material to form a purified Cannabisproduct, and then adding the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon to the purified Cannabis product to form the modifiedCannabis product. The at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon isdifferent than the volatile organic compound, and substantially all of anaturally occurring potential cannabinoid content in the raw plantmaterial is retained in the purified Cannabis product after theextraction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The disclosed embodiments will now be described with reference to thefollowing figures.

FIG. 1 illustrates a steam extraction system that can be used forprimary modification of Cannabis raw plant material according to anembodiment.

FIG. 2 illustrates a steam extraction process that can be used forprimary modification of Cannabis raw plant material according to anembodiment.

FIG. 3 illustrates a vacuum desiccation system that can be used forprimary modification of Cannabis raw plant material according to anembodiment.

FIG. 4 illustrates a secondary modification process of primarilymodified Cannabis raw plant material according to an embodiment.

FIGS. 5A-5F illustrate analytical results of Marijuana samples accordingto embodiments.

FIGS. 6A-6F illustrate analytical results of Hemp samples according toembodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As used herein, Cannabis includes any plant or plant material derivedfrom a Cannabis plant (i.e., Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica andCannabis ruderalis), naturally or through selective breeding or geneticengineering. The Cannabis may be used for therapeutic, medicinal,research, recreational purposes or any yet unforeseen purpose. Ways forconsuming Cannabis according to embodiments may include, but are notlimited to, inhalation by smoking dried Cannabis plant material,inhalation by smoking Cannabis plant extracts or by ingesting Cannabisplant material or plant extracts such as, for example, in the form ofedible Cannabis products that incorporate raw plant material, wherepotentially undesirable odor and/or taste has been removed and apossibly more desirable odor/taste has been added to the raw plantmaterial. For purposes of this disclosure, the disclosed embodimentswill be described with respect to the production of a modified form ofdried Cannabis plant material for consumption by inhalation aftercombustion. It will be understood that the disclosed products andmethods may apply to all types, forms and uses of Cannabis.

As used herein, as stated, Marijuana includes all varieties of theCannabis genus that contain substantial amounts of THC. As used herein,Hemp includes all varieties of the Cannabis genus that containnegligible amounts of THC. Hemp specifically includes the plant Cannabissativa L. and any part of that plant, including the seeds thereof andall derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, andsalts of isomers, whether growing or not, with a THC concentrationdefined according to relevant regulations. For example, the 2018 FarmBill and many states define Hemp as having a THC concentration of notmore than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis. Many states have adoptedsimilar definitions. Notably, West Virginia defines Hemp as Cannabiswith a THC concentration of less than 1 percent. Many state definitionsfor industrial Hemp specify that THC concentration is on a dry weightbasis and can be measured from any part of the plant. Some states alsorequire the plant to be possessed by a licensed grower for it to beconsidered under the definition of industrial Hemp.

In the embodiments, there are provided purified Cannabis productscomprising naturally occurring cannabinoids and substantially novolatile organic compounds and modified Cannabis products comprisingnaturally occurring and/or decarboxylated cannabinoids and at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon. In other embodiments, there areprovided methods for selectively extracting volatile organic compoundsfrom a Cannabis raw material to form a purified Cannabis product(primary modification) and adding at least one volatile organic compoundto a purified Cannabis product to form a modified Cannabis product(secondary modification).

Volatile Organic Compounds

It is commonly known that the characteristic smell and flavor ofCannabis when smoked is primarily the result of a class of smallvolatile organic molecules known as terpenes. Terpenes are a primaryconstituent of the essential oil extract of Cannabis. Therefore, thedisclosed embodiments provide a Cannabis product that is produced byremoving or reducing the naturally occurring compliment of volatileorganic molecules from Cannabis, which primarily consist of terpenes,and are collectively known as the essential oils. At least 200 terpenesare found in the Cannabis plant but 14 are commonly found in significantquantities, which vary in quantity depending on the strain of theCannabis plant. The molecular structure of these common terpenes, i.e.,isoprene, α-pinene, β-pinene, Δ3-carene, d-limonene, camphene, myrcene,β-phellandrene, sabinene, α-terpinene, ocimene, α-thujene, terpinoleneand γ-terpinene, are shown below.

Terpenes serve as the precursors for the synthesis of chemicals used inthe production of food, cosmetics, and are regularly used in thepharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Chemical synthesis ofterpenes can be challenging in light of their complex structure, andsince most plants produce them is small amounts, extracting terpenesfrom natural plant sources is often difficult, time-consuming andcost-prohibitive. To date, the genomes of 17 plant species have beenshown to contain the genes that encode terpenoid synthase enzymesimparting terpenes with their basic structure, as well as the enzymecytochrome P450s, which is required to modify this basic structure. Itis believed that all known terpenes are synthesized by the enzymeterpene synthase.

Terpenes are biosynthetically produced from units of isoprene, which hasthe basic molecular formula C₅H₈. The molecular formula of terpenes is amultiple of that molecular formula, (C₅H₈)^(n) where n is the number oflinked isoprene residues. This is commonly referred to as the isoprenerule or sometimes the C5 rule. The isoprene units can be linked together“head to tail” to form straight chains and can also be arranged to formrings. Indeed, the isoprene unit is one of nature's most common buildingblocks. As chains of isoprene units are synthesized, the resultingterpenes are classified consecutively according to their size ashemiterpenes, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesterterpenes,triterpenes, tetraterpenes and polyterpenes.

Terpenes may be categorized by the number of isoprene units that make upthe molecule. The number of terpene units that make up the molecule isdesignated by the prefix of the name. For example, hemiterpenes consistof a single isoprene unit. Isoprene is considered the only hemiterpene,but oxygen-containing derivatives such as prenol and isovaleric acid arehemiterpenoids.

Monoterpenes consist of two isoprene units and have the molecularformula C₁₀H₁₆. Examples of monoterpenes and monoterpenoids includegeraniol, terpineol (present in lilacs), myrcene (present in hops),limonene (present in citrus fruits), linalool (present in lavender) andpinene (present in conifers).

Sesquiterpenes consist of three isoprene units and have the molecularformula C₁₅H₂₄. Examples of sesquiterpenes include humulene (also knownas α-humulene or α-caryophyllene), and farnesene, which refers to a setof six closely related chemical compounds which all are sesquiterpenes(the sesqui-prefix indicates one and a half).

Diterpenes are composed of four isoprene units, which have the molecularformula C₂₀H₃₂ and are derive from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate; anintermediate in the biosynthesis of some terpenes and terpenoids.Examples of diterpenes and diterpenoids are cafestol, kahweol, cembreneand taxadiene (precursor of taxol). Diterpenes also form the basis forbiologically important compounds such as retinol, retinal, and phytol.

Sesterterpenes, which have 25 carbons and five isoprene units, are rarerelative to the other terpenes (the sester-prefix means half to three,i.e., two and a half). An example of a sesterterpenoid isgeranylfarnesol.

Triterpenes comprise six isoprene units and have the molecular formulaC₃₀H₄₈. An example of a triterpenes is squalene, the main constituent ofshark liver oil. Squalene can also be biosynthetically processed togenerate lanosterol or cycloartenol, the structural precursors to allthe steroids.

Sesquarterpenes are composed of seven isoprene units and have themolecular formula C₃₅H₅₆. Sesquarterpenes are typically microbial intheir origin. Examples of sesquarterpenoids are ferrugicadiol andtetraprenylcurcumene.

Tetraterpenes contain eight isoprene units and have the molecularformula C₄₀H₆₄. Biologically important tetraterpenoids include theacyclic lycopene, the monocyclic gamma-carotene, and the bicyclic alpha-and beta-carotenes.

Polyterpenes consist of long chains of many isoprene units. Naturalrubber consists of polyisoprene in which the double bonds are cis. Someplants produce a polyisoprene with trans double bonds, known asgutta-percha.

Norisoprenoids, such as the C13-norisoprenoids 3-oxo-α-ionol present and7,8-dihydroionone derivatives, such as megastigmane-3,9-diol and3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionol found in Muscat of Alexandria and Shirazleaves, respectively (grapes in the species Vitis vinifera) areresponsible for some of the spice in Chardonnay, can be produced byfungal peroxidases or glycosidases.

Isoprene itself does not directly feed into the biosynthetic pathway butrather the activated forms, isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP or alsoisopentenyl diphosphate) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP or alsodimethylallyl diphosphate), are the components in the biosyntheticpathway. IPP is formed from acetyl-CoA via the intermediacy of mevalonicacid in the HMG-CoA reductase pathway.

In addition to these terpenes, cannabinoids are also found in Cannabis.These cannabinoids do not appreciably contribute to the complement oforganic molecules found in the essential oils. The molecular structureof nine cannabinoids found in Cannabis produced under elevatedtemperature are shown below.

Purified Cannabis Product

A purified Cannabis product according to the disclosed embodimentsincludes naturally occurring cannabinoids, and substantially no volatileorganic compounds. The purified Cannabis product is formed byselectively extracting the volatile organic compounds from a Cannabisraw plant material to form the purified Cannabis product. Substantiallyall of a naturally occurring potential cannabinoid content in the rawmaterial is retained in the purified Cannabis product after theextraction, and substantially all of a naturally occurring physicalstructure of the Cannabis product is retained in the purified Cannabisproduct after the extraction so that the purified Cannabis product canbe combusted and inhaled in a manner similar to a naturally occurringCannabis product under similar conditions.

A method (i.e., primary modification) for forming the purified Cannabisproduct is as follows. In the embodiments, Cannabis raw plant materialis subjected to any process that removes or significantly reduces theamount of volatile organic compounds, such as essential oils orterpenes, without removing a significant amount of the naturallyoccurring Total Potential of cannabinoids (e.g., THC and CBD), ornegatively impacting the naturally occurring physical structure of theoriginal Cannabis plant material. The amount of naturally occurringTotal Potential cannabinoid content retained from the Cannabis dependson the desired purified product (i.e., the degree of activity based ondesired user experience). In embodiments, substantially all of the TotalPotential cannabinoid content may be retained. Alternatively, 5%, 10%,20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 99% or 99.9%, by mass %, of theTotal Potential cannabinoid content may be retained. Depending on thedesired purified product, the amount of Total Potential cannabinoidcontent retained may be in a range of 25% to 100%, 50% to 99.9%, 75% to99%, 90% to 99%, 50% to 99%, 70% to 99.9%, 80% to 99%, or 90% to 99.9%,by mass %. Preferably, as much of the naturally occurring TotalPotential cannabinoid content is retained as possible.

The amount of volatile organic compound removed from the Cannabisdepends on the desired purified product (i.e., the degree of puritybased on desired user or patient experience). In embodiments,substantially all of the compound may be removed. Alternatively, 5%,10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 99% or 99.9%, by mass %, ofthe compound may be removed. Depending on the desired purified product,the amount of compound removed may be in a range of 25% to 100%, 50% to99%, 70% to 99.9% or 90% to 99.9%, by mass %.

It will be understood that the terms “remove,” “removal,” “reduce,”“reduction,” and the like, when used in the context of the disclosedprocesses are meant to imply the removal or reduction of a significantamount of a substance or chemical but that it may not be practical formost such processes to remove or reduce 100% of a substance or achemical. It will also be understood that the terms “retain,”“retained,” and the like, when used in the context of the disclosedprocesses are meant to imply the retention of a significant amount of asubstance or chemical but that it may not practical for most suchprocesses to retain 100% of a substance or a chemical. Accordingly, itwill be understood that “substantial” removal/retention or“substantially” removing/retaining for the purposes of this disclosuremay include a tolerance known or generally accepted in the cannabis andchemical processing industries. For example, “substantial”removal/retention or “substantially” removing/retaining may include atolerance in a range of 0 to 5%, 0.001 to 5%, 0.01 to 5%, 0.1 to 5%,0.001 to 1%, 0.01 to 1%, 0.1 to 1%, 0.001 to 0.1%, or 0.001 to 0.01%.

In the purified Cannabis product, the ratio of an amount of cannabinoids(e.g., THC and CBD), to the remaining amount of volatile organiccompound, such as a terpene, may be in the range of 100:0, 10:90, 25:75,50:50, 60:40, 75:25, 90:10, 95:5, or 99:1, by mass %. Similarly, theratio of an amount of the total amount of non-volatile organic compoundingredients to the remaining amount of volatile organic compound, may bein the range of 100:0, 10:90, 25:75, 50:50, 60:40, 75:25, 90:10, 95:5,or 99:1, by mass %.

Methods of producing the primarily modified Cannabis product by removingthe essential oils of naturally occurring Cannabis raw plant materialmay include any suitable method known in the art. For example, methodsof producing the primarily modified Cannabis product by removing theessential oils of naturally occurring Cannabis raw plant material mayinclude, but are not limited to, passing steam over the material,volatizing the essential oils through reduced atmospheric pressureand/or increased temperature, extraction with an organic and/ornon-organic liquid, expression, absolute oil extraction, resin tapping,cold pressing, selective breeding or genetic engineering or modification(e.g., genetically engineering without or with a defective terpenesynthase gene), or any combination of the above-described methods orprocesses.

In the embodiments, removal of terpenes from Cannabis may be affected byuse of a steam extraction apparatus 10 that may be used to isolate theessential oils from plants, as shown in FIG. 1. In this system, water isboiled below the Cannabis and the steam is allowed to pass through theCannabis raw plant material. The starting material can be either driedor undried unmodified Cannabis raw plant material. Because the boilingpoint of the terpenes is lower than the boiling point of water, theterpenes are volatilized by the steam and are carried with the steaminto a condenser that cools the steam and terpenes back to a temperaturebelow their boiling point. The condensed water and terpenes then flowinto a collection flask. Because the boiling point of cannabinoids aremuch greater than that of water or terpenes, the cannabinoids areretained in the Cannabis raw plant material. The Table below illustratesthe boiling points associated with common terpenes and cannabinoidsfound in Cannabis.

List of Common Terpenes and Cannabinoids Found in Cannabis TerpenesCannabinoids* M.W. B.P. M.P. M.W. B.P.# M.P. Name (g/mol) (° C.) (° C.)Name (g/mol) (° C.) (° C.) Isoprene 68.11 34.1 −145.9Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol 314.46 390.4 ± 42.0 200 α-pinene 136.23 157.9−55 Cannabinol 310.43 476.5 76-77 β-pinene 136.23 166 −61 Cannabidiol(-trans) 314.46 463.9 ± 45.0 62-63 Carene 136.23 171.4 <25 Cannabicyclol314.46 382.1 N/A D-Limonene 136.23 175.4 −74 Cannabitriol 346.46 418  176 Camphene 136.23 157.5 35 Cannabigerol 316.48 470.4 49-52 Myrcene136.23 167 −10 Cannabichromene 314.46 428.7 ± 45.0 N/A β-phellandrene136.23 175 −40 Cannabielsoin 330.46 N/A  N/A Sabinene 136.23 164 N/ACannabinodiol 310.43 497.3 ± 40.0 N/A α-terpinene 136.23 174.1 −40Tetrahydrocannabivarin 286.41 360.6 N/A Ocimene 136.23 170.2 50Cannabidivarin 286.41 439.4 ± 45.0 N/A α-thujene 136.23 152 N/ACannabichromevarin 286.41 401.4 ± 45.0 N/A Terpinolene 136.23 182 <25γ-terpinene 136.23 183 60-61 *Represents the decarboxylated form of thenaturally occurring acid #At 760 mmHg Values from www.chemsrc.com orhttp://www.chemspider.com when available

In conventional processes of extracting essential oils using a steamextraction apparatus, the essential oils are separated from the waterbased on density and the plant material is discarded. However, accordingto the disclosed embodiments, the desired product is the extracted plantmaterial. After the essential oils have been extracted, the Cannabis isthen dried to remove any residual water that results from the process.The result of this process is a Cannabis product from which theessential oils, including the terpenes, have been removed andsubstantially all of the naturally occurring Total Potential cannabinoidcontent has been retained.

As seen in FIG. 2, the process begins with water being placed in aboiling flask with a fitted neck (e.g., 24/40) and the boiling flaskbeing placed into a heating mantel (S101). Cannabis raw plant materialis the placed into a second glass vessel with a male fitting below and afemale fitting above, and a filter or glass wool is used to plug thebottom fitting to prevent the Cannabis raw plant material from fallinginto the boiling flask but allowing steam to pass through the raw plantmaterial (S102). The two flasks are then connected using a fitted angletube and the angle tube that is connected to a water-jacked condenser(S103). Subsequently, the boiling flask is heated until the water boils(e.g., 5-30 minutes), and the steam carries the terpenes from theCannabis leaving behind the cannabinoids in the Cannabis plant material(S104). The steam may be passed through the Cannabis raw plant materialfor any suitable duration of time. For example, the duration may be inthe range of 1 to 120 minutes, 1 to 30 minutes, 5 to 30 minutes, or 10to 20 minutes. The condenser empties into a beaker or a separatoryfunnel (S105). The Cannabis plant material is then recovered and dried(S106 and S107). The dried Cannabis plant material, then virtuallydevoid of terpenes, represents the primarily modified Cannabis product.

In the embodiments, the essential oils may be removed using a vacuumdesiccation system 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the harvested plant materialis placed in a vacuum chamber 25 that is sealed, and vacuum is appliedvia the vacuum trap 30 and vacuum pump 35. The boiling point of anygiven liquid is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of theliquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid. By reducing thepressure sufficiently, a liquid can be made to boil at room temperature.For example, in the embodiments, the boiling point of isoprene, aterpene naturally occurring in Cannabis, is lowered by 0.0382° C. permillimeter of mercury decreased from atmospheric pressure (760 mm), asdescribed in Bekkedahl, N., Wood, L. A. & Wojciechowski, M. SomePhysical Properties of Isoprene, Journal of Research of the NationalBureau of Standards, 17, 883-894 (1936). Accordingly, isoprene will boilor volatilize at room temperature (25° C.) when the atmospheric pressureis reduced by 235 mm of mercury. Because the boiling point ofcannabinoids is significantly higher than that of terpenes, they areretained in the Cannabis raw plant material that has been processedunder reduced atmospheric pressure.

Modified Cannabis Product

A modified Cannabis product according to the disclosed embodiments isformed by extracting volatile organic compounds from Cannabis raw plantmaterial to form a purified Cannabis product, and then adding at leastone volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon to the purified Cannabis product toform the modified Cannabis product, which results in an enhanced userexperience during combustion and inhalation of the modified Cannabisproduct.

Using a primarily modified Cannabis product from which the volatileorganic compounds have been extracted, removed or significantly reducedas the starting material for the further modification of the odor andflavor of the primarily modified Cannabis product by way of introducing,or adding, novel combinations of the various volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbons found in the essential oils of other plants or derivativesthereof, or synthetically produced volatile chemicals, alters the odorand flavor of the primarily modified Cannabis product to make it moredesirable to Cannabis users that prefer a more acceptable odor andflavor.

The modification of the odor and flavor of Cannabis experienced when theCannabis product is combusted and inhaled can be achieved by adding anyvolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon, naturally occurring or synthetic, inany suitable combination to the primarily modified Cannabis product fromwhich the naturally occurring volatile organic compounds have beensubstantially removed or reduced to form a secondarily modified Cannabisproduct. In the embodiments, the volatile unsaturated hydrocarbons mayinclude, but are not limited to, naturally occurring or syntheticterpene compounds, terpenoid compounds, essential oil compounds, estercompounds, aldehyde compounds, alcohol compounds, and mixtures and/orderivatives thereof.

The terpene compounds added may include, but are not limited to, one ormore of any specific class of naturally occurring or synthetichemiterpenes, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesterterpenes,triterpenes, sesquarterpenes, tetraterpenes, or polyterpenes, andmixtures or derivatives thereof, or specific terpenes including, but notlimited to, isoprene, α-pinene. β-pinene, Δ3-carene, d-limonene,camphene, myrcene, β-phellandrene, sabinene, α-terpinene, ocimene,α-thujene, terpinolene, γ-terpinene, and mixtures or derivativesthereof.

The terpenoid compounds added may include, but are not limited to, oneor more of any specific class of naturally occurring or syntheticterpenoids such as hemiterpenoids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids,diterpenoids, sesterterpenoids, triterpenoids, tetraterpenoids,polyterpenoid, and mixtures or derivatives thereof.

The essential oil compounds added may include, but are not limited to,one or more of any specific class of naturally occurring or syntheticcannabis, angelica, basil, bergamot, Roman chamomile, German chamomile,cinnamon bark, citrus rind, clary sage, clove, coriander, dill,eucalyptus globulus, frankincense, galbanum, geranium, ginger,grapefruit, hyssop, Idaho blue spruce, juniper, jasmine, Laurus nobilis,lavender, lemon, lemongrass, lime, lemonbalm, marjoram, myrrh, myrtle,nutmeg, orange, oregano, patchouli, pepper, peppermint, petitgrain,pine, rosemary, rose, savory, sage, sandalwood, spearmint, spruce,tarragon, tangerine, thyme, valerian, vetiver, ylang ylang, and mixturesor derivatives thereof.

Moreover, the aldehyde compounds, ester compounds, and alcohol compoundsare not specifically limited. It will be understood that any suitablealdehyde compound, ester compound, alcohol compound, other compound thatprovides odor and flavor of the primarily modified Cannabis product tomake it more desirable to Cannabis is within the scope of thisdisclosure.

A method (i.e., secondary modification) for forming the modifiedCannabis product is as follows. The primary modified Cannabis product,i.e., a Cannabis product from which the essential oils have beenextracted, removed or significantly reduced for the purpose of modifyingthe odor and flavor experienced when the plant or plant material iscombusted and inhaled, may then be subjected to secondary modification.With reference to FIG. 4, this process may include providing a primarilymodified Cannabis product according the first embodiment (i.e., stepsS201, S202, S203, S204, S205, S206 and S207). For example, the primarilymodified Cannabis product may be a product formed according to theprimary modification process discussed herein. Subsequently, variousvolatile unsaturated hydrocarbons are added to the primarily modifiedCannabis product (S208).

In the embodiments, the secondary modification process may include anycombination or mixture of the above-described compounds, i.e., additiveor modification “profiles.” The profiles may include specific compoundsincluding concentrations that are known or determined to have specificscents, effects, etc. The profiles may be specified (i.e., according toa predetermined “recipe”) or unspecified according random selection. Theeffectiveness or user preference may recorded for future use in, e.g.,ranking flavors or medicinal or therapeutic benefits.

EXAMPLES

The following examples are illustrative of the disclosed embodiments.All tests were performed using HPLC-UV. It is known that decarboxylationof THC and CBD acids occur during any smoking or cooking process, i.e.,changing of the THC and CBD acids into THC and CBD. Therefore, theactual amount of THC and CBD differs from the amount of “TotalPotential” THC and CBD. In the examples, the liquid chromatographyanalysis occurs at room temperature and does not decarboxylate any THCor CBD, thereby yielding separate values for THCa, THC, CBDa and CBD,which are then combined to derive the Total Potential THC and TotalPotential CBD result using the following formulae:Total Potential THC=THCa*0.877+→9−THCTotal Potential CBD=CBDa*0.877+CBDMoreover, the following abbreviations/notes apply throughout theexamples:

ND=Non Detect

LOQ=Limit of Quantitation

Cannabinoids for flower and trim reported as received.

Examples 1-3 represent three different Marijuana samples selected fromthe same strain. Examples 4-6 represent three different Hemp samplesselected from the same strain. Example 1 (sample C-0) and Example 4(H-0) represent the control groups and were analyzed for cannabinoid andterpene content without application of the disclosed steam extractionprocess. Example 2 (sample C-10) and Example 5 (H-10) were subjected to10 minutes of the disclosed steam extraction process and then analyzedfor cannabinoid and terpene content. Example 3 (sample C-20) and Example6 (H-20) were subjected to 20 minutes of the disclosed steam extractionprocess and then analyzed for cannabinoid and terpene content. Theresults are illustrated below.

Example 1

C-0 LOQ Mass Mass Analyte (%) (%) (mg/g) Cannabinoids THCa 0.1 17.8 178Δ9-THC 0.1 1 10 Δ8-THC 0.1 0.2 2 CBD 0.1 ND ND CBDa 0.1 0.1 1 CBC 0.1<0.1 <1 CBG 0.1 0.1 1 CBN 0.1 ND ND THCV 0.1 ND ND CBGa 0.1 0.6 6 Total19.7 197 Total Potential THC 16.8% Total Potential CBD 0.1% Terpenesβ-Caryophyllene 0.05 0.56 5.6 δ-Limonene 0.05 0.16 1.6 α-Humulene 0.050.14 1.4 Linalool 0.05 0.05 0.5 α-Pinene 0.02 0.2 α-Bisabolol 0.05 <0.05<0.5 β-Myrcene 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 β-Pinene 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 CaryophylleneOxide 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 Ocimene 0.05 ND ND Terpinolene 0.05 ND NDtrans-Nerolidol 0.05 <0.05 <0.5

Example 2

C-10 LOQ Mass Mass Analyte (%) (%) (mg/g) Cannabinoids THCa 0.1 9.7 97Δ9-THC 0.1 15.4 154 Δ8-THC 0.1 <0.1 <1 CBD 0.1 ND ND CBDa 0.1 0.1 1 CBC0.1 0.1 1 CBG 0.1 0.2 2 CBN 0.1 0.1 1 THCV 0.1 0.1 1 CBGa 0.1 0.5 5Total 26.2 262 Total Potential THC 24.0% Total Potential CBD 0.1%Terpenes β-Caryophyllene 0.05 0.22 2.2 α-Humulene 0.05 0.07 0.7α-Bisabolol 0.05 0.07 0.7 trans-Nerolidol 0.05 0.05 0.5 β-Myrcene 0.05ND ND β-Pinene 0.05 ND ND Caryophyllene Oxide 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 δ-Limonene0.05 <0.05 <0.5 Linalool 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 Ocimene 0.05 ND ND Terpinolene0.05 ND ND α-Pinene ND ND

Example 3

C-20 LOQ Mass Mass Analyte (%) (%) (mg/g) Cannabinoids THCa 0.1 4.7 47Δ9-THC 0.1 16.9 169 Δ8-THC 0.1 ND ND CBD 0.1 ND ND CBDa 0.1 <0.1 <1 CBC0.1 0.1 1 CBG 0.1 0.3 3 CBN 0.1 0.1 1 THCV 0.1 0.1 1 CBGa 0.1 0.4 4Total 22.6 226 Total Potential THC 21.1% Total Potential CBD <LOQTerpenes α-Bisabolol 0.05 0.08 0.8 β-Caryophyllene 0.05 0.05 0.5α-Humulene 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 β-Myrcene 0.05 ND ND β-Pinene 0.05 ND NDCaryophyllene Oxide 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 δ-Limonene 0.05 ND ND Linalool 0.05ND ND Ocimene 0.05 ND ND Terpinolene 0.05 ND ND trans-Nerolidol 0.05<0.05 <0.5 α-Pinene ND ND

Example 4

H-0 LOQ Mass Mass Analyte (%) (%) (mg/g) Cannabinoids THCa 0.1 0.4 4Δ9-THC 0.1 ND ND Δ8-THC 0.1 ND ND CBD 0.1 0.1 1 CBDa 0.1 10.5 105 CBC0.1 <0.1 <1 CBG 0.1 <0.1 <1 CBN 0.1 ND ND THCV 0.1 ND ND CBGa 0.1 0.9 9Total 11.9 119 Total Potential THC 0.4% Total Potential CBD 9.3%Terpenes β-Myrcene 0.05 0.61 6.1 β-Caryophyllene 0.05 0.48 4.8α-Humulene 0.05 0.15 1.5 α-Pinene 0.13 1.3 Ocimene 0.05 0.06 0.6α-Bisabolol 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 β-Pinene 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 Caryophyllene Oxide0.05 <0.05 <0.5 δ-Limonene 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 Linalool 0.05 <0.05 <0.5Terpinolene 0.05 ND ND trans-Nerolidol 0.05 <0.05 <0

Example 5

H-10 LOQ Mass Mass Analyte (%) (%) (mg/g) Cannabinoids THCa 0.1 0.1 1Δ9-THC 0.1 0.4 4 Δ8-THC 0.1 ND ND CBD 0.1 5.2 52 CBDa 0.1 4.6 46 CBC 0.10.7 7 CBG 0.1 0.2 2 CBN 0.1 ND ND THCV 0.1 ND ND CBGa 0.1 0.3 3 Total11.5 115 CBGa 0.1 0.3 3 Total 11.5 11.5 Total Potential THC 0.4% TotalPotential CBD 9.3% Terpenes β-Caryophyllene 0.05 0.05 0.5 α-Bisabolol0.05 <0.05 <0.5 α-Humulene 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 β-Myrcene 0.05 ND ND β-Pinene0.05 ND ND Caryophyllene Oxide 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 δ-Limonene 0.05 ND NDLinalool 0.05 ND ND Ocimene 0.05 ND ND Terpinolene 0.05 ND NDtrans-Nerolidol 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 α-Pinene ND ND

Example 6

H-20 LOQ Mass Mass Analyte (%) (%) (mg/g) Cannabinoids THCa 0.1 <0.1 <1Δ9-THC 0.1 0.3 3 Δ8-THC 0.1 ND ND CBD 0.1 4.9 49 CBDa 0.1 1.5 15 CBC 0.10.5 5 CBG 0.1 0.3 3 CBN 0.1 ND ND THCV 0.1 ND ND CBGa 0.1 0.2 2 Total7.6 76 Total Potential THC 0.3% Total Potential CBD 6.2% Terpenesα-Bisabolol 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 α-Humulene 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 β-Caryophyllene0.05 <0.05 <0.5 β-Myrcene 0.05 ND ND β-Pinene 0.05 ND ND CaryophylleneOxide 0.05 <0.05 <0.5 δ-Limonene 0.05 ND ND Linalool 0.05 ND ND Ocimene0.05 ND ND Terpinolene 0.05 ND ND trans-Nerolidol 0.05 <0.05 <0.5α-Pinene ND ND

The results of the cannabinoid content analysis of the Marijuana samplesin Examples 1, 2 and 3 are illustrated in graphical format in FIGS. 5A,5C and 5E, respectively. The results of the terpene content analysis ofthe Marijuana samples in Examples 1, 2 and 3 are illustrated ingraphical format in FIGS. 5B, 5D and 5F, respectively. The results ofthe cannabinoid content analysis of the Hemp samples in Examples 4, 5and 6 are illustrated in graphical format in FIGS. 6A, 6C and 6E,respectively. The results of the terpene content analysis of the Hempsamples in Examples 4, 5 and 6 are illustrated in graphical format inFIGS. 6B, 6D and 6F, respectively.

In comparing Examples 1, 2 and 3 (C-0, C-10 and C-20), it is evidentthat the terpene content drops precipitously from the control sample(Example 1) to Example 2 that was subjected to the disclosed steamextraction process for 10 minutes. The terpene content further dropsfrom Example 2 to Example 3 that was subjected to the disclosed steamextraction process for an additional 10 minutes (20 minutes in total).Thus, the disclosed primary modification process provides clearadvantages in terms of removing terpene content from Marijuana. It isalso apparent that increased exposure to the disclosed process at leastup to 20 minutes increases the effectiveness of the terpene removal.

Moreover, the Total Potential THC content does not decrease from Example1 (16.8%) to Example 2 (24.0%) and does not significantly decrease fromExample 2 (24.0%) to Example 3 (21.1%). While the Total Potential THCcontent varies somewhat across Examples 1-3, this believed to be aresult of natural variability from one flower to another in the sample.The disclosed processes do not increase the potential THC. The startingpotential cannabinoids (THCa+THC) should not change, only the ratioshould change, as the acid is decarboxylated and converted to thenon-acid form. In this regard, the Marijuana samples (C-0, C-10 andC-20) were all selected from the following sample strain:

Silver State Relief LIC#: 3869555309634754229 175 East Greg StreetDispensed Jan. 7, 2019 Sparks, NV 89431 Lot # 0654 9950 7556 4096Harvested: Jul. 23, 2018 Package Date Dec. 27, 2018 Net Wgt: 1.00 (7.08g) CBD %: 0.09%, THC %: 28.40%, b-Caryophyllene mg/g: 10.9 mg,a-bisabolol mg/g: 4.3 mg, Limonene mg/g: 2.7 mg WARNING: This productcontains marijuana and it's potency was tested with an allowablevariance of +/−15%. This product may have intoxicating effects and maybe habit forming. This product may be unlawful outside of the State ofNevada.As seen in the figure above, the reported amount of THC for the samplestrain was actually 28%. None of the flowers selected for C-0, C-10 andC-20 assayed at this level, but Example 2 (24.0%) to Example 3 (21.1%)are closer to the dispensary's reported value of 28%. It is also worthnoting that the average of the values in Examples 1 and 2 is about thevalue in Example 3. Therefore, the data clearly show that the disclosedprimary modification process selectively extracts the terpenes fromMarijuana while retaining substantially all of the THC potential.

In the Hemp samples, the trend is more stable. In comparing Examples 4,5 and 6 (H-0, H-10 and H-20), it is evident that the terpene contentdrops precipitously from the control sample (Example 4) to Examples 5and 6 that were subjected to the disclosed steam extraction process for10 and 20 minutes, respectively. Thus, the disclosed primarymodification process provides clear advantages in terms of removingterpene content from Hemp. Further, the Total Potential CBD contentstays the same from Example 4 (9.3%) to Example 5 (9.3%) and does notsignificantly decrease from Example 5 (9.3%) to Example 6 (6.2%). Theimportant point is that the potential cannabinoids are largely retainedbut the terpenes show a 10-fold reduction. Therefore, the data clearlyshow that the disclosed primary modification process selectivelyextracts the terpenes from Hemp while retaining substantially all of theCBD potential.

It will be appreciated that the above-disclosed features and functions,or alternatives thereof, may be desirably combined into differentcompositions, systems or methods. Also, various alternatives,modifications, variations or improvements may be subsequently made bythose skilled in the art. As such, various changes may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A modified Cannabis product comprising:cannabinoids; and at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon, whereinthe modified Cannabis product is formed by extracting volatile organiccompounds from a Cannabis raw plant material to form a purified Cannabisproduct, and then adding the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon to the purified Cannabis product to form the modifiedCannabis product, and wherein substantially all of a naturally occurringphysical structure and cannabinoid content of the Cannabis raw plantmaterial is retained in the purified Cannabis product after theextraction and in the modified Cannabis product so that the modifiedCannabis product can be combusted and inhaled in a manner similar to anaturally occurring Cannabis product under similar conditions.
 2. Themodified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a naturally occurring volatileunsaturated hydrocarbon.
 3. The modified Cannabis product according toclaim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is aspecific combination of naturally occurring volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbons.
 4. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is anon-specific combination of naturally occurring volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbons.
 5. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a syntheticvolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon.
 6. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a specific combination of synthetic volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbons.
 7. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is anon-specific combination of synthetic volatile unsaturated hydrocarbons.8. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the atleast one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a naturally occurringterpene compound.
 9. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a specificcombination of naturally occurring terpene compounds.
 10. The modifiedCannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatileunsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combination of naturallyoccurring terpene compounds.
 11. The modified Cannabis product accordingto claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon isa synthetic terpene compound.
 12. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a specific combination of synthetic terpene compounds.13. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the atleast one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combinationof synthetic terpene compounds.
 14. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a naturally occurring terpenoid compound.
 15. Themodified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a specific combination of naturallyoccurring terpenoid compounds.
 16. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a non-specific combination of naturally occurringterpenoid compounds.
 17. The modified Cannabis product according toclaim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is asynthetic terpenoid compound.
 18. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a specific combination of synthetic terpenoid compounds.19. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the atleast one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combinationof synthetic terpenoid compounds.
 20. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a naturally occurring essential oil compound.
 21. Themodified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a specific combination of naturallyoccurring essential oil compounds.
 22. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a non-specific combination of naturally occurringessential oil compounds.
 23. The modified Cannabis product according toclaim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is asynthetic essential oil compound.
 24. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a specific combination of synthetic essential oilcompounds.
 25. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is anon-specific combination of synthetic essential oil compounds.
 26. Themodified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a naturally occurring estercompound.
 27. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a specificcombination of naturally occurring ester compounds.
 28. The modifiedCannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatileunsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combination of naturallyoccurring ester compounds.
 29. The modified Cannabis product accordingto claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon isa synthetic ester compound.
 30. The modified Cannabis product accordingto claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon isa specific combination of synthetic ester compounds.
 31. The modifiedCannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatileunsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combination of synthetic estercompounds.
 32. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a naturallyoccurring aldehyde compound.
 33. The modified Cannabis product accordingto claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon isa specific combination of naturally occurring aldehyde compounds. 34.The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at leastone volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combination ofnaturally occurring aldehyde compounds.
 35. The modified Cannabisproduct according to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatileunsaturated hydrocarbon is a synthetic aldehyde compound.
 36. Themodified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a specific combination of syntheticaldehyde compounds.
 37. The modified Cannabis product according to claim1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is anon-specific combination of synthetic aldehyde compounds.
 38. Themodified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least onevolatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a naturally occurring alcoholcompound.
 39. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a specificcombination of naturally occurring alcohol compounds.
 40. The modifiedCannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatileunsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combination of naturallyoccurring alcohol compounds.
 41. The modified Cannabis product accordingto claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon isa synthetic alcohol compound.
 42. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one volatile unsaturatedhydrocarbon is a specific combination of synthetic alcohol compounds.43. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1, wherein the atleast one volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon is a non-specific combinationof synthetic alcohol compounds.
 44. The modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 1, wherein the Cannabis raw plant material isMarijuana.
 45. The modified Cannabis product according to claim 1,wherein the Cannabis raw plant material is Hemp.
 46. A method forproducing a modified Cannabis product, the method comprising:selectively extracting volatile organic compounds from a Cannabis rawplant material to form a purified Cannabis product; and adding at leastone volatile organic compound to the purified Cannabis product to formthe modified Cannabis product, wherein the purified Cannabis product issubstantially free of terpene content, and wherein substantially all ofa naturally occurring physical structure and cannabinoid content of theCannabis raw plant material is retained in the purified Cannabis productafter the extraction and in the modified Cannabis product so that themodified Cannabis product can be combusted and inhaled in a mannersimilar to a naturally occurring Cannabis product under similarconditions.
 47. The method for producing a modified Cannabis productaccording to claim 46, wherein the at least one volatile organiccompound is a volatile unsaturated hydrocarbon.
 48. The method forproducing a modified Cannabis product according to claim 46, wherein theat least one volatile organic compound is at least one compound selectedfrom the group consisting of terpenes, terpenoids, aldehydes, esters,alcohols, and essential oils from a naturally occurring source.
 49. Themethod for producing a modified Cannabis product according to claim 46,wherein a plurality of volatile organic compounds are added to thepurified Cannabis product.
 50. The method for producing a modifiedCannabis product according to claim 46, further comprising determiningthe plurality of volatile organic compounds to be added to the purifiedCannabis product based on historical user data.
 51. The method forproducing a modified Cannabis product according to claim 50, wherein thehistorical user data includes a plurality of profiles each representinga specific combination of volatile organic compounds added to thepurified Cannabis product.
 52. The method for producing a modifiedCannabis product according to claim 50, wherein the historical user dataincludes preferences for at least one of odor and flavor.
 53. The methodfor producing a modified Cannabis product according to claim 46, whereinthe modified Cannabis product has reduced odor compared to a referenceCannabis product having at least some terpene content modified undersimilar conditions.
 54. The method for producing a modified Cannabisproduct according to claim 46, wherein the modified Cannabis product hasincreased flavor compared to a reference Cannabis product having atleast some terpene content modified under similar conditions.
 55. Amethod for producing a modified Cannabis product, the method comprising:extracting a first volatile organic compound from a Cannabis raw plantmaterial to form a purified Cannabis product; then adding at least onesecond volatile organic compound to the purified Cannabis product toform the modified Cannabis product, wherein the second volatile organiccompound is different than the first volatile organic compound, andwherein substantially all of a naturally occurring physical structureand cannabinoid content of the Cannabis raw plant material is retainedin the purified Cannabis product after the extraction and in themodified Cannabis product so that the modified Cannabis product can becombusted and inhaled in a manner similar to a naturally occurringCannabis product under similar conditions.
 56. The method for producinga modified Cannabis product according to claim 55, wherein the firstvolatile organic compound is a terpene compound and substantially all ofthe terpene compound is extracted from the Cannabis raw plant material.57. The method for producing a modified Cannabis product according toclaim 55, wherein adding at least one second volatile organic compoundto the purified Cannabis product to form the modified Cannabis productat least one of reduced odor and increased or modified flavor comparedto a reference Cannabis product modified under similar conditionswithout the extraction step.